Fog plus SMOKE is a MENACE for making plastics, dyes, drugs, and a The cost of fogs such as those recently experienced must be measured in loss of man hours at work, time lost on roads and railways, damage to health and damage to the nation's property. Fog is intensified by smoke and its cost to the nation is thereby increased. This smoke is abrasive, corrosive, filthy stuff—bad enough on its own, worse when trapped and held down in a layer of fog. Smoke is caused by burning raw coal with the consequent loss of many of the chemical constituents of the coal—tar, ammonia, fertilisers, the raw materials thousand other articles in everyday use.